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Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is to deliver a landmark speech to the US Congress this week, a visit that has now been thrown off balance by President Joe Biden's decision on Sunday not to seek re-election.

Israel's longest-serving premier will on Wednesday become the first foreign leader to address a joint meeting of the two chambers four timesÌý– pulling ahead of Britain's Winston Churchill on three.

But analysts say the war on Gaza has created worrying tensions between Israel and the United States, its main military and diplomatic backer, with Washington pushing Israel to seek a ceasefire deal with Hamas.

Netanyahu's office has announced that the two men would meet on Tuesday.

Israeli President Isaac Herzog was one of the first world leaders to react to Biden's announcement on Sunday that he would not be seeking re-election as president. He thanked Biden "for his friendship and steadfast support for the Israeli people".

Washington fears a backlash from the mounting civilian toll in Gaza, while protests in Israel by families of captives in the strip are also causing headaches for Netanyahu.

Biden and some Israeli ministers say a deal negotiated through Qatar, Egyptian and US mediators is possible. A plan outlined in May proposed a six-week ceasefire when some Israeli captives would be swapped for Palestinians held by Israel.

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken, using an American football image, said on Friday that negotiators were "inside the 10 yard line and driving toward the goal line".

Hamas has accused Netanyahu of seeking to block a deal however and Blinken said he wants to "bring the agreement over the finish line" when Netanyahu is in Washington.

Double pressure

Israel has intensified its attacks on Gaza in recent weeks and Netanyahu has insisted that only piling on military pressure can free the captives and beat Hamas.

"This double pressure is not delaying the dealÌý– it is advancing it," Netanyahu told troops in Gaza on Thursday.

Israel's war on Gaza has killed at least 38,919 people in Gaza, according to data from the Palestinian enclave's health ministry.

A Hamas-led 7 October attack on Israel resulted in the deaths of 1,195 people, according to an AFP tally based on Israeli figures.

There were also 251 captives taken, 116 of whom are still in Gaza, including 42 the Israeli military says are dead.

Publicly, Biden has voiced strong support for Israel. But he expressed concern over an offensive on the southern city of Rafah in May and for a while suspended deliveries of heavy bombs to Israel. Supplies of 2,000-pound bombs remain embargoed.

"Never before has the atmosphere been so fraught," said Council on Foreign Relations Middle East specialist Steven Cook.

"There is clearly tension in the relationship, especially between the White House and the Israeli prime minister," Cook said in a commentary.

'Political rhetoric'

While US Republicans pressed to invite Netanyahu to address Congress, he has lost support among Democrats.

One Jewish senator, Democrat Brian Schatz of Hawaii, announced he would boycott Wednesday's speech, saying he would not listen to "political rhetoric that will do nothing to bring peace in the region".

Netanyahu said after being invited to Congress again that he would "present the truth about our just war against those who seek to destroy us".

Cook said that Netanyahu has two aims for his Washington trip.

First, to show that he has not "undermined" Israel's relations with the United States.

Netanyahu also "will endeavour to shift the conversation away from the conflict in Gaza toward the threat that Iran and its proxies pose" to Israel and the United States, Cook added.

Much attention will be focused on whether Netanyahu meets with Donald Trump or a figure close to the Republican presidential candidate.

Despite the tensions, the United States has defended Israeli interests while taking a key role in mediation efforts, and the military relationship remains strong, according to officials.

Washington's support could prove crucial as Israel faces increasing international criticism over the growing humanitarian toll from nearly 300 days of war.

The International Criminal Court's prosecutor in May asked judges to issue arrest warrants for Netanyahu and Israeli Defence Minister Yoav Gallant. Warrants for three Hamas leaders have also been requested.

The Republican majority in the House of Representatives has called for sanctions against the ICC.

The International Court of Justice found Israel's occupation of Palestine illegal on Friday, and in February called for the country to prevent any acts of genocide in its Gaza offensive.