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World leaders raced to congratulate Donald Trump as he claimed a stunning US election victory over Kamala Harris, while financial markets also rose.

Here are the first reactions, with the presidential election result still to be confirmed:

China: 'mutual respect'

Without directly mentioning Trump, foreign ministry spokeswoman Mao Ning told a regular briefing that China hopes for "peaceful coexistence" with the United States.

"We will continue to approach and handle China-US relations based on the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation," she said.

"We respect the choice of the American people."

Russia: will judge 'concrete steps'

Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told journalists he was unaware of any plans by Vladimir Putin to congratulate Trump since the US is an "unfriendly country".

"We will draw conclusions based on concrete steps and concrete words," Peskov said.

Israel: 'powerful recommitment'

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Trump's likely win signalled a new beginning in US-Israel relations.

"Congratulations on history's greatest comeback! Your historic return to the White House offers a new beginning for America and a powerful recommitment to the great alliance between Israel and America. This is a huge victory!" said Netanyahu in a statement issued by his office.

Hamas: 'blind support' must end

Bassem Naim, a member of Hamas's political bureau, told AFP that under Trump the United State's "blind support for the Zionist entity must end because it comes at the expense of the future of our people and the security and stability of the region."

Palestinian Authority: 'aspirations' for statehood

Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas expressed confidence Trump would support Palestinians' "legitimate aspirations" for statehood.

"We are confident that the United States will support, under your leadership, the legitimate aspirations of the Palestinian people," Abbas said in a statement carried by the official Palestinian news agency Wafa, reaffirming the Palestinian commitment to "the pursuit of freedom, self-determination and statehood, in accordance with international law."

Ukraine: hopes 'just peace' closer

President Volodymyr Zelensky congratulated Donald Trump on his "impressive victory" and said he hoped his presidency would bring a "just peace in Ukraine closer."

"I appreciate President Trump's commitment to the 'peace through strength' approach in global affairs. This is exactly the principle that can practically bring just peace in Ukraine closer," Zelensky said in a statement on social media.

NATO: 'peace through strength'

NATO chief Mark Rutte congratulated Trump and said his return to power would help keep the alliance "strong".

"His leadership will again be key to keeping our Alliance strong. I look forward to working with him again to advance peace through strength through NATO," Rutte said in a statement.

EU: 'strong transatlantic agenda'

"I warmly congratulate Donald J. Trump," European Union chief Ursula von der Leyen wrote on X. "The EU and the US are more than just allies. We are bound by a true partnership between our people, uniting 800 million citizens. So let's work together on a strong transatlantic agenda that keeps delivering for them."

France: 'respect and ambition'

French President Emmanuel Macron congratulated "President Donald Trump", saying he was ready to work with him "with respect and ambition" like "we managed to do for four years".

In a post on X, Macron said that the relationship with Trump, who is leading the US presidential vote, would "take account of your convictions, and mine", adding: "For more peace and prosperity."

Germany: will remain 'reliable ally'

Chancellor Olaf Scholz congratulated Trump and vowed Berlin would work with him for "prosperity and freedom".

"Germany and the USA have long been working together successfully to promote prosperity and freedom on both sides of the Atlantic. We will continue to do so for the benefit of our citizens."

Qatar: 'security and stability'

Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani, whose Gulf monarchy is a key mediator in the Gaza conflict and hosts the largest US military base in the Middle East, said he looked forward to "working together again in promoting security and stability both in the region and globally".

Saudi Arabia: 'strengthen relations'

Saudi Arabia's King Salman and his son, de facto ruler Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, sent cables to Trump, who cultivated warm Saudi ties during his first administration, with King Salman hailing "close relations between the two friendly countries and peoples, which everyone seeks to strengthen and develop in all fields", the official Saudi Press Agency said.

Turkey: 'my friend' Trump

Turkey's Recep Tayyip Erdogan congratulated "my friend Donald Trump" and wrote on X that "I hope Turkey-US relations will strengthen, that regional and global crises and wars, especially the Palestinian issue and the Russia-Ukraine war, will come to an end."

Egypt: 'reaching peace'

President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi congratulated Trump and said he hoped his return to the White House could help bring peace to the Middle East.

"I wish him all the success... and I look forward to reaching peace together, upholding regional stability and strengthening the strategic partnership between Egypt and the United States and their friendly peoples," Sisi said on X.

Iraq: 'deepened cooperation'

Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani said he wanted to strengthen ties with the United States after Trump's victory.

"Iraq reaffirms its steadfast commitment to strengthening bilateral relations with the United States, grounded in mutual respect and shared interests," he said in a statement, adding: "We look forward to this new phase as a beginning to deepen cooperation across various sectors."

Canada: 'work together'

Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said he would seek to "work together" to bolster the economies and security of both nations.

"The friendship between Canada and the U.S. is the envy of the world," Trudeau posted X alongside a photo of the two during Trump's previous term as president.

"I know President Trump and I will work together to create more opportunity, prosperity, and security for both of our nations."

India: 'heartiest congratulations'

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi hailed Trump's "election victory".

"Heartiest congratulations my friend @realDonaldTrump on your historic election victory," Modi wrote on social media platform X. "As you build on the successes of your previous term, I look forward to renewing our collaboration."

South Korea: alliance to shine brighter'

President Yoon Suk Yeol congratulated Donald Trump and posted on X that "under your strong leadership, the future of the ROK-U.S. alliance and America will shine brighter. Look forward to working closely with you."

Italy: 'sincere congratulations'

Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni offered her "sincere congratulations" in a post on X.

"Italy and the United States are 'sister' nations, linked by an unshakeable alliance," she said. "It is a strategic bond which I am sure we will now strengthen even more."

Taiwan: 'regional stability'

Taiwan President Lai Ching-te on Wednesday congratulated Donald Trump on his win in the US presidential election, and expressed confidence that US-Taiwan relations would continue to "serve as a cornerstone for regional stability".

Lai said he was "confident that the longstanding Taiwan-US partnership, built on shared values & interests, will continue to serve as a cornerstone for regional stability & lead to greater prosperity for us all."

Philippines: 'unshakeable alliance'

Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos congratulated Trump, saying he looked forward to furthering Manila's "unshakeable alliance" with its military partner Washington.

"President Trump has won, and the American people triumphed, and I congratulate them for their victory in an exercise which showed the world the strength of American values," Marcos said in a written statement.

Brazil: 'world needs dialogue'

Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva congratulated Trump on X, saying: "Democracy is the voice of the people and it must always be respected. The world needs dialogue and joint work to have more peace, development and prosperity. I wish the new government luck and success."

Hungary: 'biggest comeback'

Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban on Wednesday hailed Trump's win as a "much needed victory for the world".

"The biggest comeback in US political history! Congratulations to President Donald Trump on his enormous win. A much needed victory for the World!" Orban posted on X.

Slovakia: 'defeat of liberalism'

Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico welcomed "a defeat of liberal and progressive ideas".

He hailed the win of "conservative oriented" Trump. "It is certainly a defeat of liberal and progressive ideas," Fico told reporters at a press conference.

Taliban: 'new chapter'

Afghanistan's Taliban government said it hoped for a "new chapter" in relations with the United States.

The government hopes the future Trump administration "will take realistic steps toward concrete progress in relations between the two countries and both nations will be able to open a new chapter of relations", foreign ministry spokesman Abdul Qahar Balkhi said in a post on X.