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United Nations organisations said on Tuesday that child malnutrition levels in northern Gaza were "particularly extreme" and about three times higher than in the south of the Palestinian enclave where more aid has been available.

Richard Peeperkorn, World Health Organization (WHO) representative for Gaza and the West Bank, said that one in six children under two years of age were acutely malnourished in northern Gaza.

"This was in January. So the situation is likely to be greater today," he added, referring to when the data was recorded.

UNICEF spokesperson James Elder said malnutrition rates for children under five in northern Gaza, where access to aid has been highly limited since the start of Israel's war on the strip, were three times higher than those in Rafah in the south.

Elder said this showed that "when that trickle of aid can come in, it does make a life saving difference".

At least 15 children have died over the past few days from malnutrition and dehydration at Kamal Adwan Hospital in northern Gaza, the health ministry in Gaza said on Sunday.

Calls for Israel to do more to address the humanitarian crisis have grown louder since Israeli forces killed 118 Palestinians lining up for aid in Gaza last week.

Adding to hunger, there is a growing risk from infectious diseases, with nine in 10 children under the age of five – around 220,000 – falling sick over the last weeks, according to Elder.

"That becomes the spiral that we are so fearful of: infectious diseases, lack of food, a desperate lack of clean water and ongoing bombardment and incredulously still discussion of an offensive into Rafah, which is a city of children," Elder told reporters in Geneva.

"Rafah has about three quarters of a million children living there."

Israel has threatened a ground invasion of Rafah and last month it intensified its bombardment there.

About 1.5 million people are estimated to be crammed in Rafah, most of them having fled their homes further north to escape Israel's military onslaught.

The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs has said that a quarter of the populationÌý– 576,000 peopleÌý– are one step from famine, nearly five months after Israel's assault on Gaza began.

(Reuters)