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Iraqi forces on Wednesday closed in on the centre of Qayyarah, officials said, on the second day of an operation to recapture the town from the Islamic State group [IS].

Qayyarah lies on the western bank of the Tigris river, about 60 kilometres south of Mosul - IS' last major urban stronghold in Iraq.

Brigadier General Najm al-Jubouri from the operations command for Nineveh, the province in which both Qayyarah and Mosul are located, said the town was now encircled.

"There are only a few meters left before troops advancing from the west and troops coming from the east meet and complete the siege around Qayyarah," Jubouri said.

He said the vast majority of villages around Qayyarah had been retaken since special forces launched the operation on Tuesday.

Jubouri and other military officials in the area confirmed the progress and said that a nearby oil field and refinery had also been recaptured from IS.

"Liberating Qayyarah will mean cutting off Mosul from the southern areas, which will make liberating Mosul much easier," Jubouri said.

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"This is a blow to the organisation of Daesh because it affects their economy, and this after we retook an air base that is now going to be used to attack them," he said, using an Arabic acronym for IS.

Iraqi security forces have been operating in the area for weeks, as part of shaping operations for a major offensive on the city of Mosul in the coming weeks or months.

A source in the operations command told °®Âþµº that the military bomb disposal engineers have begun to defuse explosive devices planted in the town.

"The delay in the recapture of the town is because there are still IS pockets in the town," the source said.

The government forces have already retaken the Qayyarah airfield, which IS was not using because it has no air force but which Iraqi aircraft will soon be using against the extremists.

Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi on Tuesday reiterated his promise that Mosul would be retaken and the country rid of IS by the end of 2016.

IS has suffered a string of setbacks in Iraq and the "caliphate" it proclaimed two years ago has been shrinking steadily for a year.

Its fighters are vastly outnumbered in Nineveh but one of the toughest challenges for Iraq will be the mass displacement a broad offensive on Mosul is expected to trigger.

The United Nations' refugee agency on Tuesday warned that it could spark displacement on a scale not seen globally in years.