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The European Union on Tuesday hit Iran's intelligence services with sanctions after accusing Tehran of being behind assassination plots against dissidents in the Netherlands, Denmark and France.

The move by the 28-nation bloc was announced as the Netherlands accused Iran of being behind the murders of two dissidents on its soil in 2015 and 2017.

"Very encouraging that (the) EU has just agreed on new targeted sanctions against Iran in response to hostile activities and plots being planned and perpetrated in Europe, including Denmark," Danish Prime Minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen said.

"[The] EU stands united - such actions are unacceptable and must have consequences," he tweeted.

The fresh sanctions put a freeze on funds and other financial assets of Iran's intelligence ministry and individuals.

Copenhagen spearheaded the move following allegations that Iran had attempted to kill three opponents of the Iranian regime on Danish soil.

France last year imposed sanctions on two suspected Iranian agents and others from Iran's ministry of intelligence and security.

French security services concluded that the head of operations at Iran's intelligence ministry had ordered a plot to bomb a rally of the People's Mujahedeen of Iran (MEK) opposition group in a suburb of Paris in June last year - which Tehran strongly denied.

Several key EU states met with Iranian officials to convey their concerns about

"When the sanctions were announced, the Netherlands, together with the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Denmark and Belgium met Iranian authorities," Dutch Foreign Minister Stef Blok said in a letter to the Netherlands' parliament.

The meeting conveyed "serious concerns regarding Iran's probable involvement in these hostile acts on EU territory", he added.