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Imprisoned Nobel Peace Prize winner Narges Mohammadi denounced a "tyrannical and anti-women religious" government in Iran, in a speech delivered by her children on Sunday who accepted the award in her absence.

"The Iranian people will dismantle obstruction and despotism through their persistence," Mohammadi said in the speech.

"Have no doubt- this is certain," she said.

Mohammadi, who has campaigned against the compulsory wearing of the hijab and the death penalty in Iran, has been held since 2021 in Tehran's Evin prison.

Instead, her 17-year-old twins Ali and Kiana, both living in exile in France since 2015, received the award on her behalf, reading a speech she managed to smuggle out of her cell.

"I am a Middle Eastern woman, and come from a region which, despite its rich civilisation, is now trapped amid war, the fire of terrorism, and extremism," she said in a message that was written "behind the high, cold walls of a prison".

"I am an Iranian woman, a proud and honourable contributor to civilisation, who is currently under the oppression of a despotic religious government," she said.

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A chair was left symbolically empty at the ceremony, where a portrait of the laureate was displayed.

Mohammadi was one of the women who spearheaded the "Woman, Life, Freedom" uprising, which saw months-long protests across Iran triggered by the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini.

Amini, an Iranian Kurdish woman, died on September 16, 2022, while being held by Iran's religious police for allegedly breaching the Islamic republic's dress code for women.

The movement that sprung up in the wake of Amini's death seeks the end of Iran's imposition of a headscarf on all women and an end to the Muslim cleric-led government in Tehran.

"The mandatory hijab imposed by the government is neither a religious obligation or a cultural tradition, but rather a means of maintaining authority and submission throughout society," Mohammadi said in the speech read before the Norwegian royal family and foreign dignitaries.

Watch the very moment Narges Mohammadi’s children collected this year’s Nobel Peace Prize medal and diploma on behalf of their mother who is currently imprisoned. Mohammadi was awarded the 2023 Nobel Peace Prize for her work on human rights.

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She said Iran "is fundamentally alienating itself from its people", denouncing government repression, the lack of an independent judicial system, propaganda and censorship, and corruption.

In contrast to the fanfare in Oslo, Mohammadi would be observing a hunger strike at the same time, in solidarity with the Baha'i community, according to her family.

Representatives of Baha'i, Iran's largest religious minority, say it is the target of targeted discrimination.

In Mandela's footstepsÌý

Mohammadi is the fifth laureate in the more than 120-year history of the Nobel Peace Prize to receive the award while detained.

She follows Germany's Carl von Ossietzky, Myanmar's Aung San Suu Kyi, China's Liu Xiaobo and Belarus's Ales Beliatski.

"Narges Mohammadi's struggle is also comparable to that of Albert Lutuli, Desmond Tutu and Nelson Mandela, which took place over a period of more than 30 years before the apartheid system in South Africa came to an end," the chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, Berit Reiss-Andersen, said in a speech.

Arrested 13 times, sentenced five times to a total of 31 years in prison and 154 lashes, Mohammadi has spent much of the past two decades in and out of jail.

Her twin children, who have not seen their mother for almost nine years, don't know if they'll ever see her alive again.

Detained Iran protesters raped, sexually assaulted: Amnesty.

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"Personally I'm rather pessimistic," Kiana Mohammadi told reporters on Saturday, while her brother Ali said he remained "very, very optimistic".

Protests in Iran triggered by Amini's death have been severely repressed.

The Iran Human Rights group (IHR) says 551 demonstrators, including dozens of women and children, have been killed by security forces, and thousands have been arrested.

On Saturday, the lawyer for Amini's family said her parents and brother, who were due to receive the European Parliament's Sakharov Prize for freedom of thought on Amini's behalf at a ceremony on December 13, was being prohibited from leaving Iran.

The laureates of the other Nobel prizes, in literature, chemistry, medicine, physics and economics, were presented their awards by Sweden's King Carl XVI Gustaf at a separate ceremony in Sweden, before heading to a lavish banquet at Stockholm's City Hall.